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I publish and talk on (Financial) Risk Model Validation. Two points:

- There's no point, indeed, in trying to falsify models, but they can be invalidated (for all kinds of reasons, and that might be temporary).

- Classical thinking about model validation (I usually show a diagram from a Schlesinger (1979) paper) starts with the modelling cycle:

Reality -> design -> conceptual model

Conceptual model -> implementation -> computerized model

Computerized model -> application -> reality

And it then accompanies the three steps with steps in the validation cycle:

Design <-> confirmation

Implementation <-> verification

Application <-> validation

So, validation in the narrow sense is dealing with actual use of an actual model implementation, which may be very different from intended use of a conceptual model (that would be dealt with in the confirmation step).

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